POLITICAL SCENARIO OF ITALY
THIS IS A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ITALY'S POLITICAL SCENARIO.
The politics of Italy is conducted through a constitutional republic with a multi-party system. Italy has been a democratic republic since June 2, 1946, when the monarchy was abolished by popular referendum .The constitution was written by the Constituent Assembly of Italy and promulgated on January 1, 1948. The executive power is exercised collectively by the Council of Ministers, which is led by the Prime Minister, officially referred to as President of the Council ("Presidente del Consiglio"). Legislative power is vested in the two houses of parliament primarily, and secondarily on the Council of Ministers, which can introduce bills and holds the majority in the parliament. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislative branches. It is headed by the High Council of the Judiciary. The President is the head of state, though his position is separate from all branches.
The current President of Italy is Giorgio Napolitano and current Prime Minister of Italy is Matteo Renzi.
MOTTO OF ITALY:
Italy is a democratic Republic founded on labour. Sovereignty belongs to the people and is exercised by the people in the forms and within the limits of the Constitution.
HEAD OF THE STATE
As the head of state, the President of the Republic represents the unity of the nation and has many of the duties previously given to the king of Italy. The President serves as a point of connection between the three branches: he is elected by the lawmakers, he appoints the executive, and is the president of the judiciary. The president is also commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
The President of the Republic is elected for seven years by Parliament in joint session, together with three representatives of each region, except for the Aosta Valley, which gets only one representative.
The only Presidents ever to be elected on the first ballot are Francesco Cossiga and Carlo Azeglio Ciampi. Mr. Ciampi was replaced by Giorgio Napolitano, who was elected on 10 May 2006. While it is not forbidden by law, no president had ever served two terms, until 20 April 2013, when president Giorgio Napolitano was re-elected
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
With article 48 of the Constitution, which guarantees the right to vote, the people exercise their power through their elected representatives in the Parliament.The Parliament has a bicameral system, and consists of the Chamber of deputies and the Senate, elected every five years.
The Chamber of deputies is elected by direct and universal suffrage by voters who are eighteen. There are 630 deputies, twelve of which are elected in the overseas constituencies. All voters who are twenty-five on election day are eligible to be deputies.
The Senate is elected by direct and universal suffrage by voters who are twenty-five. There are 315 senators, six of whom are elected in the overseas constituencies.
 |
| PRESIDENT OF SENATE PIETRO GRASSO |
JUDICIAL BRANCH
The Constitution states that justice is administered in the name of the people and that judges are subject only to the law. So the judiciary is a branch that is completely autonomous and independent of all other branches of power, even though the Minister of Justice is responsible for the organization and functioning of those services involved with justice and has the power to originate disciplinary actions against judges, which are then administered by the High Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the President.
The Italian judicial system is based on Roman law, the Napoleonic code and later statutes. It is based on a mix of the adversarial and inquisitorial civil law systems, although the adversarial system was adopted in the Appeal Courts in 1988. Appeals are treated almost as new trials, and three degrees of trial are present. The third is a legitimating trial.
There is only partial judicial review of legislation in the American sense. Judicial review exists under certain conditions, established by the Constitutional Law, in the Constitutional Court, or Corte Costituzionale, which can reject anti-constitutional laws after scrutiny. When the Court declares a law unconstitutional, the law ceases to have effect the day after the publication of the ruling.
LIST OF PARTIES OF ITALY
Major parties
- Democratic Party (Partito Democratico)
- Five Star Movement (Movimento Cinque Stelle)
- Forward Italy (Forza Italia)
- Northern League (Lega Nord)
- New Centre-Right (Nuovo Centrodestra)
- Civic Choice (Scelta Civica)
- Left Ecology Freedom (Sinistra Ecologia Libertà)
- Brothers of Italy (Fratelli d'Italia
Minor parties
- Act to Stop the Decline (Fare per Fermare il Declino)
- Alliance for Italy (Alleanza per l'Italia)
- Christian Democracy (Democrazia Cristiana)
- Communist Refoundation Party (Partito della Rifondazione Comunista)
- Democratic Centre (Centro Democratico)
- Solidary Democracy (Democrazia Solidale)
- Federation of the Greens (Federazione dei Verdi)
- Freedom and Rights (Libertà e Diritti)
- Future and Freedom (Futuro e Libertà)
- Green Italy (Green Italia)
- Great South (Grande Sud)
- Italian Radicals (Radicali Italiani)
- Italian Republican Party (Partito Repubblicano Italiano)
- Italian Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Italiano)
- Italy of Values (Italia dei Valori)
- Italy Work in Progress (Italia Lavori in Corso)
- Movement for the Autonomies (Movimento per le Autonomie)
- New Italian Socialist Party (Nuovo Partito Socialista Italiano)
- Party of Italian Communists (Partito dei Comunisti Italiani)
- Pensioners' Party (Partito Pensionati)
- Populars for Italy (Popolari per l'Italia)
- The Populars of Italy Tomorrow / Popular Construction (I Popolari di Italia Domani / Cantiere Popolare)
- The Right (La Destra)
- Tricolour Flame (Fiamma Tricolore)
- Union of Christian and Centre Democrats / Union of the Centre (Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e di Centro / Unione di Centro)
- Union of Democrats for Europe (Unione Democratici per l'Europa)
- Workers' Communist Party (Partito Comunista dei Lavorat
| ITALIAN FLAG |
LONG LIVE ITALY THE PLACE OF WONDER
Great job Raghavi!! You have indeed spent quite some time researching this topic. I might have to correct you on this, for Italy doesn't have any official motto as of now. The statement you stated as the Motto of Italy is actually one of the Fundamental Principles of Italy.
ReplyDelete*THE NERDY 101 FACTS ABOUT ITALY*
On #8 is: Italy was one of the founders of the EU and is a member of the Group of Eight (G8), a forum for eight of the world’s most powerful nations.
On #9(a part of the fact is included in the article): Italian citizens who are at least 18 years old can vote for the lower house in the parliament, the Chamber of Deputies. Citizens who are at least 25 years old can vote for the 315 members of the upper house, the Senate.
On #10:Italy’s birthrate is the second lowest in the Western world. Both political and church leaders have expressed concern and have offered rewards to couples who have more than one child.
And that is how, i guess, they are increasing the population.. Intriguing technique!!
There's so much depth into Italian politics than it seems on surface. One of the major Italian parties, Partito Democratico has its party's leader as Matteo Renzi, who replaced Guglielmo Epifani as national secretary in December 2013. That joins the list of *THE NERDY 101 FACTS ABOUT ITALY* on #11.
Ending with #12 for now, the concluding fact is: The PD(Partito Democratico) is the largest party in the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate and the European Parliament. Democrats rule thirteen regions out of twenty and function as a coalition partner in Apulia (led by Nichi Vendola) and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.
Once again, kudos to you Raghavi.. Well done.. Thumbs up ^^
Great job on this article Raghavi.
ReplyDeleteOften regarded as an anomaly, Italy is frequently described in terms of 'crisis', 'instability' and 'alienation'. This article helps us realize that the Italian political system is just as effective as other established democracies. But I guess the most important part is that Italy has managed to find a political scenario that fits it perfectly. And of course, The way the people follow the rules, goes a long way to make it that successful.
well thank you ushoshi and shreya ...and ya ushoshi i have noted the mistake thanks for mentioning it..
Deleteand ya i will now tell u about the people in italy...italians love sports. Cycling, Skiing, Soccer and Motor Racing are just some of the sports Italians have very strong interest in and good teams of sportsmen and -women. The Italian soccer league is followed by many Italians abroad too: Inter Milan, Lazio Roma and Juventus Turin are just some of the Italian soccer teams which are favoured by Italians.The family is very important for Italians, where there are still many big families including grandparents, parents and children in the household. Italians love their food, which is usually prepared freshly by the “Mama”, but more and more men love to cook and break away from the typical image of the Italian "macho" and nowadays help in the household or stay at home with the kids while the women goes to work.....Italians are famous for their inventions and discoveries. The Italian explorers Christopher Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci discovered the Americas while Marco Polo explored the East...
Very well written Rags, I appreciate the effort taken to research on all this
ReplyDeleteItalians have retained a strong attachment to their native region or province, and most still find it hard to identify with Italy as a single nation.The Republic of Venice was founded in 697 and was dissolved by Napoleon in 1797, exactly 1,100 years later. This makes it the longest lasting republic in human history as well as the longest lasting uninterrupted form of government that ever existed. In comparison the Roman Republic lasted just under 500 years.
ReplyDeleteThat was a good fact to read upon Shreya. It's lovely to read about a Republic that is so old.
ReplyDelete